What is the distinction between data controllers and data processors?

The distinction between data controllers and data processors is central to understanding data governance and privacy regulations. Data controllers are entities that determine the purposes and means of processing personal data. This means they decide what data is collected, how it is used, and the overall strategy for data management. Essentially, the data controller holds the responsibility and authority over the data.

On the other hand, data processors are entities that process data on behalf of the data controller. They handle the actual data processing operations according to the instructions given by the data controller, but they do not make decisions about the data itself. Their role is more about execution rather than strategy or policy.

Understanding this relationship is crucial for compliance with data protection laws, as it affects responsibilities, liabilities, and rights concerning personal data. It helps define how privacy obligations are assigned and managed within various organizational frameworks. This clarity ensures that both parties understand their roles in maintaining data protection and responding to privacy concerns.